Chapter 14गुणत्रयविभागयोगःGunatraya Vibhaga Yoga
About this chapter
The highest knowledge and creation (14.1–14.4). The highest of all knowledge; knowing it, the sages reached the supreme perfection; those who attain likeness to Me are beyond creation and dissolution (14.1–14.2); the great Brahman (mahat-brahma) is the womb, I am the seed-giving father — all beings are one family (14.3–14.4).
The three gunas and bondage (14.5–14.9). Sattva, rajas and tamas bind the embodied one (14.5); sattva through attachment to happiness and knowledge (14.6); rajas through craving and attachment, and attachment to action (14.7); tamas through heedlessness, laziness and sleep (14.8); summary (14.9).
Dominance and signs (14.10–14.13). The gunas overpower one another (14.10); sattva = light in all the gates (14.11); rajas = greed, activity, restlessness (14.12); tamas = darkness, inertia, delusion (14.13).
Destination and fruit (14.14–14.18). At the time of death, one's course follows the dominant guna (14.14–14.15); the fruits — purity, suffering, ignorance (14.16); what they yield — knowledge, greed, delusion (14.17); upward, the middle, downward (14.18).
Beyond the gunas (14.19–14.27). The witness — the gunas alone are the doers (14.19); immortality while still living (14.20); Arjuna's three questions (14.21); the signs — neither aversion nor longing; guṇā vartanta (14.22–14.23); conduct — self-abiding, even-minded, equal (14.24–14.25); the means — unwavering devotion (14.26); I am the foundation of Brahman, of dharma and of happiness (14.27).
AI-assisted draft translation — under review.
27 shlokas
- 14.1परं भूयः प्रवक्ष्यामि ज्ञानानां ज्ञानमुत्तमम्The Blessed Lord said: "I shall declare once more that supreme knowledge — the highest of all knowledge — knowing which…
- 14.2इदं ज्ञानमुपाश्रित्य मम साधर्म्यमागताःThose who, taking refuge in this knowledge, have attained likeness to Me are not born even at creation, and are not…
- 14.3मम योनिर्महद् ब्रह्म तस्मिन् गर्भं दधाम्यहम्O Bharata, the great Brahman (primal prakriti) is My womb (the place of conception); in it I place the seed — from that…
- 14.4सर्वयोनिषु कौन्तेय मूर्तयः सम्भवन्ति याःO Kaunteya, whatever bodies are born in all wombs, the great Brahman is their womb (mother), and I am the seed-giving…
- 14.5सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणाः प्रकृतिसम्भवाःO mighty-armed one, sattva, rajas and tamas — these gunas born of prakriti bind the imperishable embodied one (the…
- 14.6तत्र सत्त्वं निर्मलत्वात् प्रकाशकमनामयम्O sinless one, of these, sattva, being pure, is illuminating and free from affliction (peaceful, untroubled); it binds…
- 14.7रजो रागात्मकं विद्धि तृष्णासङ्गसमुद्भवम्O Kaunteya, know rajas to be of the nature of passion (raga) — the source of craving and attachment; it binds the…
- 14.8तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम्O Bharata, know tamas to be born of ignorance and the deluder of all beings; it binds through heedlessness, laziness…
- 14.9सत्त्वं सुखे सञ्जयति रजः कर्मणि भारतO Bharata, sattva attaches one to happiness, rajas to action; and tamas, covering knowledge, attaches one to…
- 14.10रजस्तमश्चाभिभूय सत्त्वं भवति भारतO Bharata, sattva grows by overpowering rajas and tamas; rajas by overpowering sattva and tamas; and likewise tamas by…
- 14.11सर्वद्वारेषु देहेऽस्मिन् प्रकाश उपजायतेWhen light — knowledge — arises in all the gates (senses) of this body, then one should know that sattva has increased.
- 14.12लोभः प्रवृत्तिरारम्भः कर्मणामशमः स्पृहाO best of the Bharatas, when rajas increases, greed, restless activity, the undertaking of actions, unrest and longing…
- 14.13अप्रकाशोऽप्रवृत्तिश्च प्रमादो मोह एव चO joy of the Kurus, when tamas increases, darkness (aprakasha), inertia (apravritti), heedlessness and delusion — these…
- 14.14यदा सत्त्वे प्रवृद्धे तु प्रलयं याति देहभृत्When sattva is dominant and the embodied one meets death, they attain the pure worlds of those who know the highest…
- 14.15रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायतेDying in rajas, one is born among those attached to action; and likewise, dying in tamas, one is born in deluded wombs.
- 14.16कर्मणः सुकृतस्याऽऽहुः सात्त्विकं निर्मलं फलम्The fruit of good (sukrita) action is said to be sattvic and pure; the fruit of rajas is suffering, and the fruit of…
- 14.17सत्त्वात् सञ्जायते ज्ञानं रजसो लोभ एव चFrom sattva arises knowledge, from rajas greed; from tamas come heedlessness and delusion, and ignorance too.
- 14.18ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाःThose established in sattva go upward, those of rajas stay in the middle; and those of tamas, abiding in the ways of…
- 14.19नान्यं गुणेभ्यः कर्तारं यदा द्रष्टाऽनुपश्यतिWhen the seer sees no doer other than the gunas, and knows (the Self) that is beyond the gunas — then they attain My…
- 14.20गुणानेतानतीत्य त्रीन् देही देहसमुद्भवान्Going beyond these three gunas, which arise from the body, the embodied one, freed from birth, death, old age and…
- 14.21कैर्लिङ्गैस्त्रीन् गुणानेतानतीतो भवति प्रभोArjuna said: "O Lord, by what signs is a person who has gone beyond these three gunas recognised? What is their conduct…
- 14.22प्रकाशं च प्रवृत्तिं च मोहमेव च पाण्डवThe Blessed Lord said: "O Pandava, one who does not resent light, activity and delusion when they arise, and does not…
- 14.23उदासीनवदासीनो गुणैर्यो न विचाल्यते— one who, seated as if indifferent, is not shaken by the gunas; who, knowing 'it is only the gunas doing (their)…
- 14.24समदुःखसुखः स्वस्थः समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः— one who is even in pleasure and pain, self-abiding (established in oneself), who sees a clod of earth, a stone and…
- 14.25मानापमानयोस्तुल्यस्तुल्यो मित्रारिपक्षयोः— one who is the same in honour and dishonour, the same towards the side of friend and of foe, and who has given up all…
- 14.26मां च योऽव्यभिचारेण भक्तियोगेन सेवतेAnd one who serves Me with the yoga of unwavering (non-wandering) devotion, fully going beyond these gunas, becomes fit…
- 14.27ब्रह्मणो हि प्रतिष्ठाऽहममृतस्याव्ययस्य चFor I am the foundation of the imperishable, immortal Brahman, of eternal dharma, and of absolute (complete) happiness.