श्रीमद्भगवद्गीताShrimad Bhagavad Gita 📖 Read as a flipbook

Chapter 8अक्षरब्रह्मयोगःAkshara Brahma Yoga

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Seven questions and their answers (8.1–8.4). Arjuna: what are Brahman, adhyatma, karma, adhibhuta and adhidaiva; who is the adhiyajna and how; and how are you known at the time of death (8.1–8.2)? Krishna: Brahman is the supreme imperishable; one's own nature is adhyatma; the offering (visarga) that brings beings into existence is karma (8.3); perishable existence is adhibhuta; the Purusha is adhidaiva; I am the adhiyajna in this body (8.4).

The final remembrance (8.5–8.7). One who departs remembering me at the last hour attains my state (8.5); whatever state one remembers while leaving the body, that is what one attains — because the mind was always steeped in it (8.6); therefore remember me at all times and fight (8.7).

Three kinds of worship (8.8–8.16). Meditation on the supreme divine Person through the yoga of practice (8.8); the seer, the ancient, the ruler… beyond darkness (8.9); at the time of death, with an unmoving mind, devotion, the strength of yoga, prana between the eyebrows (8.10); the imperishable goal (8.11); the gates closed, the mind in the heart, prana at the crown of the head (8.12); Om and remembrance (8.13); to one whose mind turns to nothing else, I am easy to reach (8.14); having attained me, there is no rebirth (8.15); everyone up to Brahmaloka returns (8.16).

The cycle of the cosmos (8.17–8.22). Brahma's day and night — a thousand yugas each (8.17); creation in the day, dissolution in the night (8.18); beings, helpless, again and again (8.19); beyond that unmanifest, the eternal unmanifest (8.20); that is the imperishable, the supreme goal, my supreme abode (8.21); the supreme Person is reached through undivided devotion (8.22).

The two paths (8.23–8.28). In which "time" (path) those who depart return, and in which they do not (8.23); fire, light, day, the bright fortnight, the northern course of the sun — towards Brahman (8.24); smoke, night, the dark fortnight, the southern course — coming back (8.25); the two eternal paths (8.26); one who knows does not fall into delusion — be steadfast in yoga at all times (8.27); knowing this, the yogi goes beyond all fruits of merit and attains the supreme, primal abode (8.28).

AI-assisted draft translation — under review.

28 shlokas

  1. 8.1किं तद् ब्रह्म किमध्यात्मं किं कर्म पुरुषोत्तमArjuna said: O Purushottama, what is that Brahman? What is adhyatma? What is karma? What is called adhibhuta, and what…
  2. 8.2अधियज्ञः कथं कोऽत्र देहेऽस्मिन् मधुसूदनO Madhusudana, who is the adhiyajna in this body, and how is he (the adhiyajna)? And how do the self-controlled know…
  3. 8.3अक्षरं ब्रह्म परमं स्वभावोऽध्यात्ममुच्यतेThe Blessed Lord said: Brahman is the supreme imperishable (akshara); one's own nature is called adhyatma; and the…
  4. 8.4अधिभूतं क्षरो भावः पुरुषश्चाधिदैवतम्O best of the embodied, perishable existence is the adhibhuta; the Purusha is the adhidaiva; and in this body, I myself…
  5. 8.5अन्तकाले च मामेव स्मरन् मुक्त्वा कलेवरम्And whoever, at the final hour, leaves the body remembering me alone, attains my state — of this there is no doubt.
  6. 8.6यं यं वाऽपि स्मरन् भावं त्यजत्यन्ते कलेवरम्O Kaunteya, whatever state a person remembers at the end while leaving the body, that very state he attains — because…
  7. 8.7तस्मात् सर्वेषु कालेषु मामनुस्मर युध्य चTherefore remember me at all times and fight (do your duty); with mind and intellect offered to me, you will without…
  8. 8.8अभ्यासयोगयुक्तेन चेतसा नान्यगामिनाO Partha, with a mind joined to the yoga of practice and not straying elsewhere, constantly contemplating, (the seeker)…
  9. 8.9कविं पुराणम् अनुशासितारम्One who remembers that (Person) — all-knowing, ancient, the ruler of all, subtler than the subtlest atom, the sustainer…
  10. 8.10प्रयाणकाले मनसाऽचलेन(Together with 8.9) — at the time of death, with an unmoving mind, endowed with devotion and the strength of yoga…
  11. 8.11यदक्षरं वेदविदो वदन्तिThat which the knowers of the Veda call the 'imperishable', which ascetics free from attachment enter, and desiring…
  12. 8.12सर्वद्वाराणि संयम्य मनो हृदि निरुध्य चRestraining all the gates (of the senses), confining the mind in the heart, placing one's prana at the murdha (the…
  13. 8.13ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म व्याहरन् मामनुस्मरन्(Together with 8.12) — whoever departs, leaving the body while uttering 'Om', this single syllable that is Brahman, and…
  14. 8.14अनन्यचेताः सततं यो मां स्मरति नित्यशःO Partha, whoever remembers me constantly, throughout life, with a mind turned to nothing else — for that ever-united…
  15. 8.15मामुपेत्य पुनर्जन्म दुःखालयमशाश्वतम्Having attained me, great souls who have reached the highest perfection do not again take birth, which is the home of…
  16. 8.16आब्रह्मभुवनाल्लोकाः पुनरावर्तिनोऽर्जुनO Arjuna, all worlds up to Brahmaloka are subject to return; but, O Kaunteya, having attained me there is no rebirth.
  17. 8.17सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तमहर्यद् ब्रह्मणो विदुःThose who know that a day of Brahma lasts a thousand yugas, and that his night too lasts a thousand yugas — they alone…
  18. 8.18अव्यक्ताद् व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमेAt the coming of (Brahma's) day, all manifest things (beings and objects) emerge from the unmanifest, and at the coming…
  19. 8.19भूतग्रामः स एवायं भूत्वा भूत्वा प्रलीयतेO Partha, this very same multitude of beings, coming into being again and again, dissolves at the coming of night, and…
  20. 8.20परस्तस्मात् तु भावोऽन्योऽव्यक्तोऽव्यक्तात् सनातनःBut beyond that unmanifest there is another, eternal unmanifest reality, which does not perish even when all beings…
  21. 8.21अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम्That which is called unmanifest and imperishable is said to be the supreme goal; having reached it, (beings) do not…
  22. 8.22पुरुषः स परः पार्थ भक्त्या लभ्यस्त्वनन्ययाO Partha, that supreme Person — within whom all beings dwell, and by whom this whole world is pervaded — is reached…
  23. 8.23यत्र काले त्वनावृत्तिमावृत्तिं चैव योगिनःO best of the Bharatas, I shall tell you the 'time' (path) in which yogis who leave the body go never to return, and…
  24. 8.24अग्निर्ज्योतिरहः शुक्लः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम्Fire, light, day, the bright fortnight, and the six months of the sun's northern course — the knowers of Brahman who go…
  25. 8.25धूमो रात्रिस्तथा कृष्णः षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम्Smoke, night, the dark fortnight, and the six months of the sun's southern course — by that path the yogi (of works)…
  26. 8.26शुक्लकृष्णे गती ह्येते जगतः शाश्वते मतेThese two paths of the world — the bright and the dark — are held to be eternal; by one, (the jiva) goes never to…
  27. 8.27नैते सृती पार्थ जानन् योगी मुह्यति कश्चनO Partha, no yogi who knows these two paths falls into delusion; therefore, O Arjuna, be steadfast in yoga at all times.
  28. 8.28वेदेषु यज्ञेषु तपःसु चैवWhatever fruit of merit is declared for the Vedas, for yajnas, for austerities and for gifts — knowing this (teaching)…

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