Bhagavad Gita · Akshara Brahma YogaChapter 8, Shloka 24 (8.24)
Original Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
अग्निर्ज्योतिरहः शुक्लः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम्
तत्र प्रयाता गच्छन्ति ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविदो जनाः
॥ 8.24 ॥
agnirjyotirahaḥ śuklaḥ ṣaṇmāsā uttarāyaṇam
tatra prayātā gacchanti brahma brahmavido janāḥ
Translation
"Fire, light, day, the bright fortnight, and the six months of the sun's northern course — the knowers of Brahman who go by that path attain Brahman."
Interpretation
Shankaracharya — deities, and gradual liberation. Agniḥ kālābhimāninī devatā, tathā jyotir api devataiva kālābhimāninī … ahaḥ devatā aharabhimāninī … tatrāpi devataiva mārga-bhūtā — fire, light, day, the bright fortnight, the northern course — all are presiding deities forming the path; bhūyasā tu nirdeśaḥ … āmravaṇavat — it is called "time" because of what predominates, just as a grove is called "a mango grove" even if only some of its trees are mangoes. Importantly: brahmavido brahmopāsakāḥ … krameṇa iti vākya-śeṣaḥ — the worshippers of Brahman attain Brahman by stages (gradual liberation, krama-mukti); na hi sadyo-mukti-bhājāṃ samyag-darśana-niṣṭhānāṃ gatiḥ āgatir vā kvacit asti, "na tasya prāṇā utkrāmanti" iti śruteḥ — for those established in right vision, who are liberated at once, there is no going or coming at all; their pranas go nowhere.
Acharya Ramanuja. Agnir jyotir ahaḥ śuklaḥ ṣaṇ-māsā uttarāyaṇam iti saṃvatsarādīnāṃ pradarśanam — this indicates the year and the others (the stages of the devayana, the path of the gods); in 8.22 and 8.26, the path of light (archir-adi) of Chhandogya 5.10.1.
The difference (deep): Shankara — this path is for the worshippers of Brahman (gradual liberation); for the fully wise there is no "going"; Ramanuja — this path belongs to both the wise one and the seeker of kaivalya, and by it the Supreme Brahman is attained.
AI-assisted draft translation — under review.