Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaChapter 1, Shloka 23 (1.23)

"Durbuddheḥ" — of corrupt understanding. Arjuna calls Duryodhana outright "durbuddhi" (evil-minded). This is Arjuna's assessment of Duryodhana — he blames him for a defect of understanding. Here Arjuna is still in a warrior's frame of mind: the enemy's fault is clear, and he trusts his own cause.

"Priya-cikīrṣavaḥ" — wishing to please. Madhusudana Sarasvati points out a sharp distinction here: these people want to do what is "priya" (pleasing) to Duryodhana in war — not in removing his evil-mindedness. That is, a true well-wisher would be one who corrected Duryodhana's wrong understanding; these people are fighting to fulfil his wishes. Therefore — according to Madhusudana — it is right for Arjuna to see them as warriors.

Madhusudana's question about context. Madhusudana raises a doubt: "these are all kinsmen; perhaps they will bring about a settlement among themselves — then why war?" The answer: Arjuna sees that they have come for war, not for settlement.

Setting up the irony. The "people" Arjuna wants to see — he is still thinking of them as a group: "Duryodhana's supporters". In a few moments this group will turn into faces — grandsire, teacher, brother. This is the turning point of the Gita.