Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaChapter 1, Shloka 6 (1.6)
Original Sanskrit · दुर्योधनः
युधामन्युश्च विक्रान्त उत्तमौजाश्च वीर्यवान्
सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः
॥ 1.6 ॥
yudhāmanyuśca vikrānta uttamaujāśca vīryavān
saubhadro draupadeyāśca sarva eva mahārathāḥ
Translation
"The valiant Yudhamanyu and the heroic Uttamauja; the son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu) and the sons of Draupadi — all of them great chariot-warriors."
Interpretation
Yudhamanyu and Uttamauja: two heroes of the Panchala country. In the Mahabharata's account of the battle, they are described as guardians of the wheels of Arjuna's chariot (chakra-rakshak). The shloka gives them the epithets vikrānta (one who advances, valiant) and vīryavān (endowed with strength).
Saubhadra — Abhimanyu: son of Arjuna and Subhadra (Krishna's sister). Young, but an extremely skilled warrior. The story of his valour and his sacrifice in the chakravyuha is famous in the Mahabharata — but that happens after this shloka, on the thirteenth day of the war. At this moment he is a rising great chariot-warrior of the Pandava army.
Draupadeya — the five sons of Draupadi: according to Shridhara Svami, the five sons born to Draupadi from the five Pandavas — Prativindhya and the others.
"Sarva eva mahārathāḥ" — all of them great chariot-warriors. Madhusudana stresses this phrase: all the warriors listed are maharathas — not a single ordinary ratha or ardharatha among them. In Duryodhana's words this list ends like a warning: "none of these is weak."
Identified by their mother's name: In this shloka two groups of warriors are known by their mother's name — Saubhadra and Draupadeya. This is common usage in Sanskrit (in the Gita, Arjuna too is called "Kaunteya" — son of Kunti). It reminds us that the role of mothers in this story runs deep — Kunti, Subhadra, Draupadi.
AI-assisted draft translation — under review.