Bhagavad Gita · Dhyana Yoga (Atma-samyama Yoga)Chapter 6, Shloka 20 (6.20)
Original Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
यत्रोपरमते चित्तं निरुद्धं योगसेवया
यत्र चैवाऽऽत्मनाऽऽत्मानं पश्यन्नात्मनि तुष्यति
॥ 6.20 ॥
yatroparamate cittaṃ niruddhaṃ yogasevayā
yatra caivā''tmanā''tmānaṃ paśyannātmani tuṣyati
Translation
"The (state) in which the mind, restrained by the practice of yoga, becomes still, and in which, seeing the self through the (purified) mind, (the yogi) is content in the self alone — (continued in 6.21–6.23)"
Interpretation
Shankaracharya. Niruddhaṃ sarvato nivārita-pracāram — one whose wandering has been stopped on every side; ātmanā samādhi-pariśuddhena antaḥkaraṇena ātmānaṃ paraṃ caitanyaṃ jyotiḥ-svarūpaṃ paśyan — with an inner being purified by samadhi, seeing the self as supreme consciousness, of the nature of light; sve eva ātmani tuṣyati.
Acharya Ramanuja. Sarvatra niruddhaṃ cittaṃ yatra yoge uparamate atiśayita-sukham idam eva iti ramate — the yoga in which the restrained mind delights, regarding "this alone is the greatest happiness"; ātmanā manasā ātmānaṃ paśyan anya-nirapekṣam ātmani eva tuṣyati — seeing the self through the mind, content in the self without depending on anything else.
The difference: "Uparamate" — Shankara: the mind comes to rest (stops); Ramanuja: the mind delights ("this is the greatest happiness"). And the self that is seen — Shankara: supreme consciousness; Ramanuja: one's own pure self.
AI-assisted draft translation — under review.