Bhagavad Gita · Raja Vidya Raja Guhya YogaChapter 9, Shloka 10 (9.10)
Original Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
मयाऽध्यक्षेण प्रकृतिः सूयते सचराचरम्
हेतुनाऽनेन कौन्तेय जगद् विपरिवर्तते
॥ 9.10 ॥
mayā'dhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sacarācaram
hetunā'nena kaunteya jagad viparivartate
Translation
"O Kaunteya, under my supervision prakriti gives birth to the moving and unmoving world; for this reason the world revolves in its cycle."
Interpretation
Shankaracharya — the witness. Mayā adhyakṣeṇa sarvato dṛśi-mātra-svarūpeṇa avikriyātmanā — I, on every side only the seer, changeless; mama māyā triguṇātmikā avidyā-lakṣaṇā prakṛtiḥ sūyate; evidence Shvetashvatara 6.11 (eko devaḥ sarva-bhūteṣu gūḍhaḥ … karmādhyakṣaḥ … sākṣī cetā kevalo nirguṇaś ca). Then a deep question: kiṃ-nimittā iyaṃ sṛṣṭiḥ? — why creation? — and the Taittiriya Brahmana's ko addhā veda — "who truly knows?".
Acharya Ramanuja — the master whose will is true. Kṣetrajña-karmānuguṇaṃ madīyā prakṛtiḥ satya-saṃkalpena mayā adhyakṣeṇa īkṣitā … sūyate — in keeping with the actions of beings, prakriti creates the world under the gaze of me, the supervisor whose will is always fulfilled; iti mat-svāmyaṃ satya-saṃkalpatvaṃ nairghṛṇyādi-doṣa-rahitatvam … mama vasudeva-sūnoḥ aiśvaraṃ yogaṃ paśya — my lordship, my true will, my freedom from faults such as cruelty — behold this divine yoga of mine, the son of Vasudeva. Evidence Shvetashvatara 4.9–10.
The difference: Shankara — the supervisor = the changeless witness; Ramanuja — the supervisor = the master whose will is true, who is the same in the avatara (the son of Vasudeva).
AI-assisted draft translation — under review.