Bhagavad Gita · Dhyana Yoga (Atma-samyama Yoga)Chapter 6, Shloka 27 (6.27)
Original Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
प्रशान्तमनसं ह्येनं योगिनं सुखमुत्तमम्
उपैति शान्तरजसं ब्रह्मभूतमकल्मषम्
॥ 6.27 ॥
praśāntamanasaṃ hyenaṃ yoginaṃ sukhamuttamam
upaiti śāntarajasaṃ brahmabhūtamakalmaṣam
Translation
"To the yogi whose mind is serene, whose rajas has subsided, who has become Brahman and is sinless — the highest happiness comes (of itself)."
Interpretation
Shankaracharya. Sukham uttamaṃ niratiśayam upaiti — the greatest happiness arrives; śānta-rajasaṃ prakṣīṇa-moha-ādi-kleśa-rajasam — the rajas in the form of afflictions like delusion is worn away; brahma-bhūtaṃ jīvan-muktam brahmaiva sarvam ity evaṃ niścayavantam — liberated while living, with the certainty "all is Brahman"; akalmaṣaṃ dharmādharmādi-varjitam — beyond dharma and adharma (merit and sin).
Acharya Ramanuja. Ātma-nyasta-manasaṃ tata eva hetoḥ dagdhāśeṣa-kalmaṣaṃ tata eva śānta-rajasaṃ … tata eva brahma-bhūtaṃ sva-svarūpeṇāvasthitam — with the mind placed in the self → all faults burned away → from this, rajas subsides → from this, established in one's own nature (brahma-bhūta); such a one ātmānubhava-rūpam uttamaṃ sukham upaiti. And hi iti hetau — "hi" gives the reason.
The difference: "Brahma-bhūta" — Shankara: becoming Brahman itself, liberated while living; Ramanuja: being established in one's pure nature (as in 5.24). Ramanuja shows a chain of causes: mind in the self → faults burned → rajas subsides → established in one's nature → happiness.
AI-assisted draft translation — under review.