Bhagavad Gita · Jnana Karma Sannyasa YogaAdhyaay 4, Shloka 4 (4.4)
Mool Sanskrit · अर्जुनः
अर्जुन उवाच
अपरं भवतो जन्म परं जन्म विवस्वतः
कथमेतद् विजानीयां त्वमादौ प्रोक्तवानिति
॥ 4.4 ॥
aparaṃ bhavato janma paraṃ janma vivasvataḥ
kathametad vijānīyāṃ tvamādau proktavāniti
Anuvaad
"Arjuna ne kaha: Aapka janm to baad mein (abhi) hua, aur Vivasvan ka janm bahut pehle; to main yeh kaise samjhun ki aapne aarambh mein ise (unhe) kaha tha?"
Bhaavaarth
Seedha, imaandaar prashn. Kaal-kram mein: Krishna ka janm aparam — abhi, Vasudeva ke ghar; Vivasvan ka param — srishti ke aarambh mein.
Shankaracharya: aparam arvāk vasudeva-gṛhe bhavato janma — aapka janm baad mein, Vasudeva ke ghar. Aur ek mahatvapoorn tippani: Bhagavan ka uttar yā vāsudeve anīśvarāsarvajñāśaṅkā mūrkhāṇām tāṃ pariharan — moorkhon ki is shanka ko door karne ke liye hai ki Vaasudeva Ishvara aur sarvagya nahin hain. Yaani prashn Arjuna ke mukh se hai, par uttar sabke sandeh ke liye.
Aacharya Ramanuja — jaante hue bhi poochhna. Ramanuja kehte hain ki Arjuna Krishna ko sarveshvar jaante hain — woh 10.12–10.13 mein kahenge, aur Bhishma aadi se (jaise Sabha-parva mein) sun chuke hain. Phir prashn kyon? Jānataḥ api ajānataḥ iva pṛcchataḥ ayam āśayaḥ — jaante hue bhi anjaan ki tarah poochhne ka aashay yeh hai: sarveshvar, satya-sankalp, sab kaamnaaon se poorn Bhagavan ka karm-vash devta-manushyon jaisa janm —
- kim indrajālādivat mithyā kiṃ vā satyam — kya jaadoo jaisa mithya hai ya satya?
- satyatve ca kathaṃ janma-prakāraḥ — satya hai to janm kaise hota hai?
- kim-ātmakaḥ ayaṃ dehaḥ — yeh shareer kis cheez ka bana hai?
- kaś ca janma-hetuḥ — janm ka kaaran kya hai?
- kadā ca janma — janm kab hota hai?
- kim-arthaṃ vā janma — kis liye?