Bhagavad Gita · Akshara Brahma YogaAdhyaay 8, Shloka 21 (8.21)
Mool Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम्
यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद् धाम परमं मम
॥ 8.21 ॥
avyakto'kṣara ityuktastamāhuḥ paramāṃ gatim
yaṃ prāpya na nivartante tad dhāma paramaṃ mama
Anuvaad
"Jise avyakt aur akshar kaha gaya, use param gati kehte hain; jise paa kar (jeev) nahin lautte — woh mera param dhaam hai."
Bhaavaarth
Shankaracharya. Tam eva akṣara-saṃjñakam avyaktaṃ bhāvam āhuḥ paramāṃ … gatim — usi akshar naam ke avyakt ko param gati kehte hain; tat dhāma sthānaṃ paramaṃ … mama viṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padam ity arthaḥ — woh mera, Vishnu ka, param pad hai.
Aacharya Ramanuja — "dhāma" ke do arth. Paramagati-śabda-nirdiṣṭaḥ akṣaraḥ prakṛti-saṃsarga-viyukta-svarūpeṇa avasthita ātmā — "param gati" yahan prakriti-sambandh se mukt, apne svaroop mein sthit aatma (8.13 ki "param gati"); pramaan 12.3, 15.16. Tad mama paramaṃ dhāma paramaṃ niyamana-sthānam — mera param niyaman-sthaan (jis par main shaasan karta hoon): achetan prakriti pehla, prakriti se judi jeev-prakriti doosra, aur mukta-svarūpaṃ paramaṃ niyamana-sthānam — mukt aatma teesra, param. Vikalp: prakāśa-vācī dhāma-śabdaḥ … aparicchinna-jñāna-rūpatayā mukta-svarūpaṃ paraṃ dhāma — dhaam = prakaash, yaani aseem gyaan-roop mukt aatma. Aur aage: jñāninaḥ prāpyaṃ tu tasmād atyanta-vibhaktam — gyaani ka praapya (Bhagavan) isse bilkul alag hai (8.22).
Antar: Shankara — akshar = param brahm = Vishnu ka param pad; Ramanuja — yahan akshar = mukt aatma (kaivalya), aur gyaani ka lakshya usse bhi aage, Param Purush (8.22).