Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaAdhyaay 1, Shloka 20 (1.20)
Mool Sanskrit · सञ्जयः
अथ व्यवस्थितान् दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान् कपिध्वजः
प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसम्पाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः
॥ 1.20 ॥
atha vyavasthitān dṛṣṭvā dhārtarāṣṭrān kapidhvajaḥ
pravṛtte śastrasampāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ
Anuvaad
"Ab, Dhritarashtra ke putron ko yuddh ke liye vyavasthit khade dekhkar, jab shastron ka takraav shuru hone hi wala tha, tab kapidhvaja Pandu-putra (Arjuna) ne apna dhanush uthaaya…" (vaakya 1.21 mein poora hota hai)
Bhaavaarth
"Atha" — ab. Sanskrit mein "atha" aksar ek naye prakaran ki shuruaat ka sanket hota hai. Yahaan se Gita ki asli kahaani — Arjuna ki — shuru hoti hai.
Bhay ke bajaay sankalp. Madhusudana Sarasvati 1.19 aur 1.20 ko jodte hain: Dhritarashtra ke putron mein bhay dikhaane ke baad, ab Pandavon mein uska ulta dikhaaya jaata hai. Kaurav, bhay ke baad bhaagne ke bajaay, yuddh ke liye date hue hain — aur Arjuna, poori tarah nirbhay hokar, yuddh ke liye Gandiva uthaate hain.
"Kapidhvaja" — Hanuman wala dhwaj. Arjuna ke rath ke dhwaj par vaanar (kapi) ka chihn hai. Madhusudana spasht kehte hain: mahaveer Hanuman ne dhwaj ke roop mein Arjuna par anugrah kiya tha. Mahabharata ki ek prasiddh katha mein Hanuman Bhima ko vachan dete hain ki woh Arjuna ke dhwaj par virajmaan rahenge. Is visheshan se Sanjaya Arjuna ki ajeyata ka sanket dete hain.
Dhanush uthaaya — lekin chalaaya nahin. Arjuna yuddh ke liye taiyaar hain. Unhone dhanush utha liya hai. Yeh tathya mahatvapoorn hai: Arjuna ka baad ka vishaad kayarta se shuru nahin hota. Woh poore utsaah aur taiyaari ke saath aaye hain. Unka sankat tab aata hai jab woh dekhte hain. Shloka ke ant mein "dhanuh udyamya" — dhanush uthaakar — aur 1.47 ke ant mein "visṛjya saśaraṃ cāpam" — baan sahit dhanush chhodkar: poora adhyay is dhanush ke uthne se girne tak ki yatra hai.
"Pravṛtte śastrasampāte" — ek kshan pehle. Yuddh shuru hone hi wala hai. Gita ka saara samvaad is kshan mein, is kinaare par hota hai. Yeh samay ka dabaav Arjuna ke prashnon ko aur bhi teevra banaata hai.