Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaAdhyaay 1, Shloka 24 (1.24)
Mool Sanskrit · सञ्जयः
सञ्जय उवाच
एवमुक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारत
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम्
॥ 1.24 ॥
evamukto hṛṣīkeśo guḍākeśena bhārata
senayorubhayormadhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam
Anuvaad
"Sanjaya ne kaha: He Bharata (Dhritarashtra)! Gudakesha (nidra ko jeetne wale Arjuna) ke is prakaar kehne par, Hrishikesha (Krishna) ne dono senaon ke beech us uttam rath ko khada karke…" (vaakya 1.25 mein poora hota hai)
Bhaavaarth
Do naam aamne-saamne — Hṛṣīkeśa aur Guḍākeśa. Ek hi shloka mein Krishna "Hrishikesha" (indriyon ke swami) aur Arjuna "Gudakesha" (nidra ke swami) kahe gaye hain. Dono naamon mein "eesha" (swami) hai. Sanjaya ki shabd-rachna mein yeh ek sundar santulan hai — Krishna indriyon ke swami, Arjuna nidra (aalasya, tamas) ke vijeta. Arjuna ke liye "Gudakesha" ek prashansa hai: woh sajag hain, aalasya se mukt hain. Lekin jo nidra ko jeet chuka hai, woh bhi agle kuch shlokon mein moh ke aage haar jaayega. Gita aage dikhayegi ki sharirik sajagta aur aatmik jaagriti alag cheezein hain. (Yeh antim baat humari vyakhya hai.)
"Bhārata" — Dhritarashtra ko sambodhan. Madhusudana Sarasvati yahaan Sanjaya ke iraade ko padhte hain. Dhritarashtra ki ummeed thi ki shaayad Krishna, ahimsa ke dharma ka sahaara lekar, Arjuna ko yuddh se rok denge. Sanjaya us ummeed ko todne ke liye batate hain ki Krishna ne aisa kuch nahin kiya — unhone rath ko beech mein khada kar diya. Aur "Bharata" sambodhan ka bhaav: "Bharata vansh ki maryaada yaad karke bhi, apne kul walon se dvesh chhod do." Yeh tika ka sundar pathan hai.
Krishna ka vyavhaar. Madhusudana kehte hain: Bhagavan ne na to is baat par krodh kiya ki "mera bhakt hi mujhe saarathi ke kaam mein laga raha hai", aur na hi Arjuna ko yuddh se roka. Unhone bas wahi kiya jo kaha gaya. Saarathi ka dharma nibhaaya — chupchaap, poori nishtha se.
"Rathottamam" — uttam rath. Madhusudana: Agni ka diya hua divya rath, aur Bhagavan khud jiske saarathi hain — isliye sarvottam.