Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaAdhyaay 1, Shloka 25 (1.25)

Krishna ke pehle shabd — "dekho". Saat sau shlokon ki Gita mein Krishna ka pehla vaakya bas itna hai: "Partha, in ikatthe hue Kuruon ko dekho." Koi updesh nahin, koi siddhaant nahin. Ek nirdesh — dekho.

Rath kahaan khada kiya? Arjuna ne sirf "dono senaon ke beech" kaha tha. Krishna ne rath ko Bhishma aur Drona ke theek saamne khada kiya. Kya yeh sanyog hai? Shloka kaaran nahin batata. Kai shikshak isme Krishna ka sochaa-samjha kadam dekhte hain — Arjuna ko unke sabse kathin rishton ke saamne laana, taaki jo sankat andar chhupa hai, woh ab saamne aa jaaye. Madhusudana kehte hain ki Krishna, sabke gupt abhipraay jaanne wale, samajh gaye the ki Arjuna mein shoka aur moha upasthit ho gaye hain.

"Kurūn" — Kuru. Krishna kehte hain "in Kuruon ko dekho" — "Kauravon" ya "dushmanon" ko nahin. Kuru vansh mein Pandava bhi aate hain — dono paksh ek hi kul ke hain. Kai aadhunik shikshak is shabd-chunaav mein ek sanket dekhte hain: Krishna Arjuna ka dhyaan ek "shatru-sena" se hatakar ek parivaar ki or le jaate hain. Yeh vyakhya hai; Madhusudana is shabd par alag se tippani nahin karte.

Madhusudana ki do vyakhyaayein "Partha" par:

1. Aashvaasan: "Pritha (Kunti) mere pita (Vasudeva) ki bahan hain, aur tum unke putra ho" — is sambandh ko yaad dilaakar Krishna Arjuna ko dilasa dete hain: "mere saarathi hone par nishchint hokar, nirbhay hokar, sab Kuruon ko dekho; main saarathi ke roop mein ati-saavdhaan hoon."
2. Halka upahaas (sopahāsam): Madhusudana kehte hain ki Krishna ne Arjuna se kuch vinod-bhaav ke saath kaha — "Partha" sambodhan se maano yeh sanket diya ki Pritha (Kunti) ki tarah tum par bhi shok-moh chhaa gaya hai. Note: Madhusudana is vyakhya mein ise "stri-svabhaav" se jodte hain — yeh unke samay ki ek dhaarna hai jise aaj ke pathak shaayad na maanein. Hum yahaan unki vyakhya ko imaandaari se darj kar rahe hain, uska samarthan nahin.

Updesh ka bhoomi-nirmaan. Madhusudana ka nishkarsh: agar Krishna ka iraada sirf rath khada karna hota, to Sanjaya bas itna kehte ki "rath beech mein khada kiya". "Pashya" (dekho) tak ka vaakya — Arjuna ka dhairya badhaane ke liye kaha gaya.