Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaAdhyaay 1, Shloka 31 (1.31)
Mool Sanskrit · अर्जुनः
निमित्तानि च पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव
न च श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे
॥ 1.31 ॥
nimittāni ca paśyāmi viparītāni keśava
na ca śreyo'nupaśyāmi hatvā svajanamāhave
Anuvaad
"He Keshava! Mujhe ulte (ashubh) shakun dikh rahe hain, aur yuddh mein apne hi logon ko maarkar mujhe koi kalyaan nahin dikhta."
Bhaavaarth
"Nimittāni viparītāni" — ulte shakun. Shridhara: aniṣṭa-sūcakāni śakunāni — anisht (bure) ki soochna dene wale shakun. Madhusudana udaharan dete hain — jaise baayin aankh ka phadakna (paramparik maanyata mein purush ke liye ashubh). Arjuna ko chaaron or bure sanket dikh rahe hain.
Dhyaan dein: jab man pehle se dukh mein ho, to aksar har cheez "bure sanket" lagne lagti hai. Shloka khud yeh nahin kehta ki shakun sach the ya nahin — sirf yeh ki Arjuna ko aise dikh rahe the.
"Keśava" — sambodhan ka bhaav. Madhusudana kehte hain: Keshi jaise dusht daityon ka vadh karke aap sada bhakton ki raksha karte hain — isliye mujhe bhi shok door karke bachaayenge. (Paramparik vyutpatti: Keshi naam ke asur ka vadh karne wale = Keshava. Madhusudana ek aur vyutpatti bhi dete hain: ka (Brahma) aur īśa (Rudra) — jinke bhi swami.) Yaani Arjuna ka sambodhan ek chhupi prarthana bhi hai.
"Na ca śreyo 'nupaśyāmi" — koi kalyaan nahin dikhta. Yeh Arjuna ka pehla tark hai: is yuddh mein koi bhalaai nahin. Madhusudana ise aur gehra karte hain:
- Shreya — drishta (is lok ka) ya adrishta (parlok ka) — dono mein se kuch nahin dikhta.
- Ek paramparik shloka ke anusaar, yuddh mein saamne ladte hue maara gaya yoddha (aur yogi sannyasi) uttam gati paata hai — lekin maarne wale ke liye aisa koi vishesh punya nahin bataya gaya. To jab ajnabi ko maarne mein bhi shreya nahin, apno ko maarne mein to bilkul nahin.
- "Ahave" (yuddh mein) kehkar Arjuna yeh bhi spasht karte hain ki woh yuddh ke niyamit sandarbh ki baat kar rahe hain.
Shareer se tark tak. Dhyaan dijiye — 1.30 mein man ghoom raha tha, aur 1.31 mein Arjuna tark dena shuru karte hain. Kya ghoomta man sahi tark de sakta hai? Gita yahi prashn aage uthaayegi.