Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaAdhyaay 1, Shloka 36 (1.36)

"Kā prītiḥ" — kya khushi? Madhusudana: mudh logon ke laayak kshanik sukh-aabhaas ke laalach mein, lambe narak-dukh ka kaaran bandhu-vadh hamare liye uchit nahin. Arjuna ko badle mein bhi koi santosh nahin dikhta.

Aatataayi ka niyam — aur Arjuna ka inkaar. Yeh shloka ek gambhir dharma-shaastreeya prashn uthaata hai. Smriti-vaakya kehta hai: "aatataayi ko aate dekhkar bina soche maar daalna chahiye; aatataayi ke vadh mein maarne wale ko koi dosh nahin." Kauravon ne in sab tarah ke apraadh kiye the. To niyam ke anusaar unhe maarna dosh-rahit hona chahiye. Phir Arjuna kyon kehte hain "paap hi lagega"?

Shridhara aur Madhusudana ka uttar (Arjuna ki or se): "Aatataayi ko maaro" — yeh arthashaastra (raajneeti/vyavhaar-shaastra) ka niyam hai; "hinsa mat karo" — yeh dharmashaastra ka niyam hai; aur dharmashaastra arthashaastra se zyaada balvaan hai. Iske pramaan mein dono Yajnavalkya Smriti ka vaakya uddhrit karte hain: "do smritiyon mein virodh ho to vyavhaar mein nyaay balvaan hai; lekin arthashaastra se dharmashaastra balvaan hai — yahi maryaada hai."

Yaani Arjuna ka tark hai: haan, ye aatataayi hain, aur ek niyam unke vadh ko dosh-rahit kehta hai — lekin ek ooncha niyam (ahimsa) use rokta hai.

Madhusudana ka "Janardana" pathan. Madhusudana kehte hain ki "Janardana" kehkar Arjuna maano keh rahe hain: "agar inhe maarna hi hai, to aap hi maariye — aap to pralay mein sabka sanhaar karke bhi kisi paap se nahin judte." Ek tez, lagbhag vyang-bhara sanket.

Doosra pathan (Madhusudana ki aparā vyākhyā). Madhusudana ek vaikalpik arth bhi dete hain: "paap" un aatataayiyon ko lagega jo hamein maarkar bhi rahenge. Abhinavagupta bhi "paap" ko alag arth mein lete hain — lobh aadi ka woh paap jisne shatruon ko pehle hi vash mein kar liya hai. Mukhya pathan (hamein paap lagega) hi sabse prachalit hai.