Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaAdhyaay 1, Shloka 4 (1.4)
Mool Sanskrit · दुर्योधनः
अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि
युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः
॥ 1.4 ॥
atra śūrā maheṣvāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhi
yuyudhāno virāṭaśca drupadaśca mahārathaḥ
Anuvaad
"Is sena mein bade-bade dhanushon wale veer hain, jo yuddh mein Bhima aur Arjuna ke barabar hain — jaise Yuyudhana (Satyaki), Virata, aur maharathi Drupada."
Bhaavaarth
Tulna ka paimaana — Bhima aur Arjuna. Duryodhana Pandav yoddhaon ko "Bhima aur Arjuna ke samaan" kehta hai. Yeh dilchasp hai: woh apni chinta ka paimaana Pandavon ke hi do bhaiyon ko banaata hai. Bhima ki taakat aur Arjuna ki dhanurvidya Kaurav paksh mein dar ka pratik thi. Madhusudana kehte hain ki "maheshvaasa" (bade dhanush) kehne ke baad bhi agar koi shanka kare ki dhanush bada hone se yuddh-kaushal nahin aata, to Duryodhana jodta hai: yudhi bhīmārjunasamāḥ — yuddh mein bhi woh Bhima-Arjuna ke barabar hain.
Teen naam:
- Yuyudhana (Satyaki): Vrishni (Yadav) kul ke mahaan yoddha; Arjuna ke shishya aur Krishna ke nikat. Shridhara aur Madhusudana dono spasht kehte hain — yuyudhānaḥ sātyakiḥ.
- Virata: Matsya desh ke raja, jinke yahaan Pandavon ne agyaatvaas ka ek saal bitaya. Unki beti Uttara ka vivaah Arjuna ke putra Abhimanyu se hua.
- Drupada: Panchala ke raja, Draupadi aur Dhrishtadyumna ke pita — aur Drona ke purane mitra-shatru (1.3 ka sandarbh).
"Maharatha" ka arth. Yeh ek paramparik shreni (rank) hai. Shridhara Svami aur Madhusudana Sarasvati ek smriti-shloka uddhrit karte hain: jo akela das hazaar dhanurdharon se lad sake aur shastra (hathiyaar) aur shaastra (vidya) mein nipun ho, use maharatha kehte hain. Usse oopar atiratha (asankhya yoddhaon se ladne wala), neeche ratha (ek se ladne wala) aur ardharatha (usse kam). Yeh paribhasha shabdik sankhya se zyaada yoddha ki shreni darshaati hai.
Sanjaya ke varnan mein dushman ki prashansa. Dhyaan dene ki baat hai ki Duryodhana apne virodhiyon ki taareef kar raha hai. Yeh imaandaari bhi ho sakti hai, aur chinta bhi. Agle shlokon mein dekhenge ki woh is chinta ko kaise sambhaalta hai.