Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaAdhyaay 1, Shloka 43 (1.43)
Mool Sanskrit · अर्जुनः
दोषैरेतैः कुलघ्नानां वर्णसङ्करकारकैः
उत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः
॥ 1.43 ॥
doṣairetaiḥ kulaghnānāṃ varṇasaṅkarakārakaiḥ
utsādyante jātidharmāḥ kuladharmāśca śāśvatāḥ
Anuvaad
"(Arjuna ke anusaar) kul-naash karne walon ke in doshon se, jo varna-sankar ke kaaran bante hain, jaati ke dharma aur kul ke shaashvat dharma ukhad jaate hain."
Bhaavaarth
Do star ka naash. Arjuna do prakaar ke dharmon ki baat karte hain: jāti-dharma — ek bade samudaay ke saajha kartavya aur maryaadaayen (Madhusudana: kshatriya-pan aadi se jude); aur kula-dharma — ek vishesh parivaar ki apni paramparaayen. Yuddh dono ko ukhaad deta hai — samaaj ke star par bhi, parivaar ke star par bhi.
"Utsādyante" — ukhaad diye jaate hain. Shabd ka bhaav jaise kisi ped ko jad se ukhaad dena. Madhusudana: utsannāḥ kriyante, vināśyanta ity arthaḥ — nasht kar diye jaate hain.
"Śāśvatāḥ" — sada se chale aaye. 1.40 mein "sanatan" aur yahaan "shaashvat" — dono ka bhaav "purane, sthir, peedhiyon ke". Arjuna ko lagta hai ki jo cheez sadiyon se chali aa rahi hai, woh ek yuddh mein khatam ho jaayegi.
Dohraav ka arth. Yeh shloka naya tark kam aur pichhle tarkon ka punah-kathan zyaada hai. Dukh mein, aur ek tark ko majboot karne ki koshish mein, Arjuna wahi baat phir dohraate hain. (Yeh humari vyakhya hai.)
Yeh Arjuna ka tark hai. "Jati-dharma" shabd par vishesh saavdhaani: yeh Arjuna ke samay ki saamajik vyavastha ki bhasha hai. Is shloka ko aaj ke jaati-aadharit bhedbhaav ka samarthan maanna sandarbh ke saath anyaay hoga (dekhein 1.41 ka note).