Bhagavad Gita · Sankhya YogaAdhyaay 2, Shloka 15 (2.15)
Mool Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते
॥ 2.15 ॥
yaṃ hi na vyathayantyete puruṣaṃ puruṣarṣabha
samaduḥkhasukhaṃ dhīraṃ so'mṛtatvāya kalpate
Anuvaad
"He purushon mein shreshth! Jis sthir buddhi wale vyakti ko ye (sukh-dukh) vichlit nahin karte, jo dukh aur sukh mein samaan rehta hai — wahi amritatva (moksha) ke yogya hota hai."
Bhaavaarth
Samata — Gita ka pehla bada gun. Sama-duḥkha-sukha — jiske liye dukh aur sukh samaan hain. Yeh Gita ka ek kendriya shabd banega — samatva (2.48 mein "samatvaṃ yoga ucyate"). Shankaracharya: sukh-dukh ki praapti mein harsh-vishaad se rahit.
"Na vyathayanti" — vichlit nahin karte. Dhyaan dein: shloka nahin kehta ki aise vyakti ko sukh-dukh aate nahin. Kehta hai, ve use vyathit (vichlit, dagmaga) nahin karte. Anubhav aata hai; pratikriya badal jaati hai.
Kaun aisa hai? Shankaracharya: nitya-ātma-darśanāt — nitya aatma ke darshan ke kaaran; aisa vyakti dvandva-sahishnu (dvandvon ko sehne wala) hai. Ramanuja: woh dheer vyakti jo avashyambhaavi dukh ko sukh ki tarah maanta hai, aur amritatva ke saadhan ke roop mein phal-rahit svadharma (yuddh aadi) karta hai — uske andar ke shastra-paat jaise kathor sparsh use vyathit nahin karte.
"Puruṣarṣabha" — purushon mein shreshth. Krishna phir Arjuna ko unki shreshthata se pukaarte hain — yeh yaad dilaate hue ki yeh sthirta unki kshamata ke bhitar hai.