Bhagavad Gita · Sankhya YogaAdhyaay 2, Shloka 20 (2.20)
Mool Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचित्
नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः
अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो
न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे
॥ 2.20 ॥
na jāyate mriyate vā kadācit
nāyaṃ bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥ
ajo nityaḥ śāśvato'yaṃ purāṇo
na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre
Anuvaad
"Yeh (aatma) na kabhi janm leti hai, na marti hai; na yeh hokar phir na hone wali hai. Yeh ajanma, nitya, shaashvat aur puraatan hai; shareer ke maare jaane par bhi yeh nahin maari jaati."
Bhaavaarth
Chhah vikaar — sabka nishedh. Madhusudana Sarasvati Nirukta-parampara (Varshyayani) ke "chhah bhaav-vikaar" uddhrit karte hain: janm lena, hona (astitva mein rehna), badhna, roop badalna, ghatna, aur nasht hona. Shloka in sabka nishedh karta hai:
- na jāyate — janm nahin;
- na mriyate — maran nahin;
- ajaḥ — ajanma; nityaḥ — nitya; śāśvataḥ — sada ek-si (ghatna nahin); purāṇaḥ — puraatan (badhna nahin — "pura api navaḥ", pehle bhi nayi).
"Purāṇa" — puraatan par nayi. Purāṇa shabd ki ek paramparik vyutpatti hai — purā api navaḥ — "pehle bhi nayi". Yaani aatma puraani hokar bhi kabhi "jeern" nahin hoti.
"Na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre" — shareer maara jaaye, aatma nahin. Shloka ka antim charan Arjuna ke prashn ka seedha uttar hai. Ramanuja: janm aur maran — jo sab shareeron mein anubhav hote hain — achetan deha ke dharm hain; ve aatma ko kabhi sparsh nahin karte.