Bhagavad Gita · Sankhya YogaAdhyaay 2, Shloka 47 (2.47)

Chaar sootra, ek shloka. Yeh shloka chaar baatein kehta hai:

1. Karmaṇy evādhikāras te — tumhara adhikaar karm mein hai.
2. Mā phaleṣu kadācana — phal par kabhi nahin.
3. Mā karma-phala-hetur bhūḥ — phal ko karm ka prerak mat banao.
4. Mā te saṅgo 'stv akarmaṇi — lekin karm chhodne mein bhi lagaav mat rakho.

"Adhikāra" — adhikaar ka arth. Adhikaar ka arth hai — tumhara kshetra, tumhari zimmedaari, jahaan tumhara niyantran hai. Karm tumhare haath mein hai; phal anek kaaranon par nirbhar hai (desh, kaal, doosre log, prakriti). Isliye phal par "adhikaar" jataana — vyarth chinta aur aasakti.

Sabse zaroori — chautha bhaag. Log aksar shloka ka pehla aadha yaad rakhte hain aur aakhri hissa bhool jaate hain: mā te saṅgo 'stv akarmaṇi — "karm na karne mein lagaav mat rakho". Shankaracharya: agar phal nahin chahiye, to "dukh-roop karm kyon karoon?" — aisi akarm (karm na karne) mein preeti mat rakho. Yeh seedha Arjuna ke liye hai: unhone kaha tha "phal (raajya) nahin chahiye, isliye yuddh nahin karunga" (1.32). Krishna kehte hain: phal ki ichchha chhodo — karm nahin.

Teen tikaayein, teen zor:

• Shankaracharya: "Karm mein hi adhikaar — gyaan-nishtha mein nahin" (yaani Arjuna jaise vyakti ke liye, abhi karm-yoga). Phal ki trishna kisi bhi avastha mein na ho; phal-trishna se kiya karm janm (punarjanm) ka kaaran banta hai.
• Ramanuja: Mumukshu ka adhikaar keval karm mein hai, phalon mein nahin — kyunki phal-sahit karm bandhan hai, aur phal-rahit, Bhagavan ki aaraadhana roop karm moksha ka kaaran. Saath hi — apne aap ko kartaa bhi mat maano; kartaa-pan gunon aur antat Sarveshvara ke adheen hai.
• Madhva: "Te" (tumhara) upalakshan hai — tumhare jaise gyaani ke liye bhi phal-kaamana se karm kartavya nahin, to auron ka kya? Yaani yeh sootra sabke liye hai.