Bhagavad Gita · Karma YogaAdhyaay 3, Shloka 1 (3.1)
Mool Sanskrit · अर्जुनः
अर्जुन उवाच
ज्यायसी चेत् कर्मणस्ते मता बुद्धिर्जनार्दन
तत् किं कर्मणि घोरे मां नियोजयसि केशव
॥ 3.1 ॥
jyāyasī cet karmaṇaste matā buddhirjanārdana
tat kiṃ karmaṇi ghore māṃ niyojayasi keśava
Anuvaad
"Arjuna ne kaha: He Janardana! Agar aapke mat mein buddhi (gyaan) karm se shreshth hai, to he Keshava, aap mujhe is ghor karm mein kyon laga rahe hain?"
Bhaavaarth
Arjuna ka tark. Do baatein unhe takraati lagti hain: (1) buddhi karm se shreshth (2.49), aur (2) "yuddh karo" (2.18, 2.37). "Ghora" shabd dhyaan dene yogya hai — Shankaracharya: ghore krūre hiṃsā-lakṣaṇe — kroor, hinsa roopi karm. Arjuna abhi bhi apne bandhuon ko maarne ke bhay se baahar nahin aaye.
Shankaracharya — samuccaya ka khandan. Shankaracharya is shloka par vistaar se kehte hain: agar Krishna ne gyaan aur karm ko saath-saath ek hi saadhan (samuccaya) ke roop mein bataya hota, to Arjuna ka "buddhi karm se shreshth hai" kehna hi asangat hota — jo cheez (karm) us saadhan ka hissa hai, usse buddhi ko "alag aur shreshth" kaise kahte? Isliye, Shankara ke anusaar, Arjuna ne sahi samjha hai ki gyaan aur karm alag hain, aur buddhi shreshth hai.
Aacharya Ramanuja — Arjuna ki asli uljhan. Ramanuja ke anusaar Arjuna ka tark yeh hai: aapne kaha ki aatma-darshan ka saadhan gyaan-nishtha hai, jo sab indriyon ke vishay-vyaapaar ke ruk jaane se banti hai. To mujhe sab karm chhudwa kar gyaan-nishtha mein kyon nahin lagaate — sab indriyon ke vyaapaar wale, aatma-darshan ke virodhi karm mein kyon?