Bhagavad Gita · Karma YogaAdhyaay 3, Shloka 42 (3.42)
Mool Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
इन्द्रियाणि पराण्याहुरिन्द्रियेभ्यः परं मनः
मनसस्तु परा बुद्धिर्यो बुद्धेः परतस्तु सः
॥ 3.42 ॥
indriyāṇi parāṇyāhurindriyebhyaḥ paraṃ manaḥ
manasastu parā buddhiryo buddheḥ paratastu saḥ
Anuvaad
"(Gyaani) kehte hain ki (shareer se) indriyaan pare (shreshth) hain, indriyon se pare man hai, man se pare buddhi hai, aur jo buddhi se bhi pare hai — woh 'sah' (woh) hai." (Shloka ka antim "sah" kaun hai — is par teen pathan: Shankara/Madhusudana — aatma; Madhva — Param Purush, Hari; Ramanuja — kaam..)
Bhaavaarth
Seedhi — baahar se bheetar. Shareer → indriyaan → man → buddhi → "sah".
"Sah" — teen pathan (yeh is adhyay ka ek mahatvapoorn matbhed hai):
- Shankaracharya (aur Madhusudana): buddheḥ paratas tu saḥ buddher draṣṭā paramātmā — buddhi se pare, buddhi ka drashta — Paramaatma (aatma). Yahi woh dehi hai jise kaam (3.40) indriya aadi ke aashray se moh mein daalta hai. Madhusudana yahaan Kathopanishad ka vachan uddhrit karte hain — indriyebhyaḥ parā hy arthā arthebhyaś ca paraṃ manaḥ….
- Madhva: buddhi se pare — aur Kathopanishad (avyaktāt puruṣaḥ paraḥ) ke anusaar avyakt se bhi pare — Param Purush, Hari; aur unke sab gunon sahit gyaan ko woh mukti ka saadhan maante hain.
- Aacharya Ramanuja: buddheḥ api yaḥ paraḥ sa kāmaḥ — buddhi se bhi jo "para" (prabal) hai, woh kaam hai! Unka tark: indriyaan vishayon mein lagi hon to aatma-gyaan nahin hota; indriyaan ruk jaayen par man vishayon mein ho to bhi nahin; man bhi ruk jaaye par buddhi ulta nishchay kare to bhi nahin; aur sab ruk jaayen, par icchā-paryāyaḥ kāmo rajaḥ-samudbhavaḥ — ichchha roopi, rajas se utpann kaam bacha ho, to woh in sabko phir vishayon mein laga kar aatma-gyaan rok deta hai. Isliye kaam buddhi se bhi prabal hai.