Bhagavad Gita · Jnana Karma Sannyasa YogaAdhyaay 4, Shloka 33 (4.33)
Mool Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
श्रेयान् द्रव्यमयाद् यज्ञाज्ज्ञानयज्ञः परन्तप
सर्वं कर्माखिलं पार्थ ज्ञाने परिसमाप्यते
॥ 4.33 ॥
śreyān dravyamayād yajñājjñānayajñaḥ parantapa
sarvaṃ karmākhilaṃ pārtha jñāne parisamāpyate
Anuvaad
"He Parantapa! Dravya (vastu) se hone wale yajña se gyaan-yajña shreshth hai; he Paartha, sab karm, apni sampoornta mein, gyaan mein hi samaapt (poorn) hote hain."
Bhaavaarth
Kyon shreshth?
- Shankaracharya: dravyamayo hi yajñaḥ phalasya ārambhakaḥ, jñāna-yajñaḥ na phalārambhakaḥ — dravya-yajña (naya) phal utpann karta hai, gyaan-yajña nahin (woh bandhan nahin banaata); isliye praśasyataraḥ. Sarvaṃ karma … jñāne mokṣa-sādhane sarvataḥ-samplutodaka-sthānīye parisamāpyate antarbhavati — sab karm moksha ke saadhan, chaaron or bhare jalaashaya jaise gyaan mein antarbhoot ho jaate hain (2.46 ki upma). Woh Chhandogya (4.1.4) ka drishtaant dete hain — jaise paase ke khel mein sabse oonchi chaal (kṛta) jeetne par neeche ki sab chaalein usme aa jaati hain, waise jo us (tattva) ko jaanta hai, use praaniyon ke sab punya-karm ka phal mil jaata hai.
- Aacharya Ramanuja: ubhayākāre karmaṇi dravyamayād aṃśād jñānamayaḥ aṃśaḥ śreyān — do roop (dravya aur gyaan) wale karm mein, dravya ke ansh se gyaan ka ansh shreshth; sarvasya karmaṇaḥ … jñāne parisamāpteḥ — kyonki sab karm gyaan mein poore hote hain. Aur ek mahatvapoorn baat: tad evaṃ sarvaiḥ sādhanaiḥ prāpya-bhūtaṃ jñānaṃ karmāntargatatvena abhyasyate; tad eva hi abhyasyamānaṃ krameṇa prāpya-daśāṃ pratipadyate — sab saadhanon se praapt hone yogya gyaan, karm ke bheetar hi abhyaas kiya jaata hai; aur wahi abhyaas karte-karte kram se praapya (lakshya) avastha ban jaata hai.