Bhagavad Gita · Karma Sannyasa YogaAdhyaay 5, Shloka 16 (5.16)
Mool Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
ज्ञानेन तु तदज्ञानं येषां नाशितमात्मनः
तेषामादित्यवज्ज्ञानं प्रकाशयति तत्परम्
॥ 5.16 ॥
jñānena tu tadajñānaṃ yeṣāṃ nāśitamātmanaḥ
teṣāmādityavajjñānaṃ prakāśayati tatparam
Anuvaad
"Parantu jinka woh agyaan aatma-gyaan se mit gaya hai, unka gyaan sooraj ki tarah us param (tattva) ko prakaashit karta hai."
Bhaavaarth
Shankaracharya — gyaan param tattva ko dikhata hai. Yeṣāṃ jantūnāṃ viveka-jñānena ātma-viṣayeṇa nāśitam — jin jeevon ka agyaan aatma-vishayak vivek-gyaan se nasht hua; yathā ādityaḥ samastaṃ rūpa-jātam avabhāsayati tadvat jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ vastu sarvaṃ prakāśayati tat paraṃ paramārtha-tattvam — jaise sooraj sab roopon ko dikhata hai, waise gyaan us param parmarth-tattva ko prakaashit karta hai. Yahan "tat param" — jaanne yogya param satya.
Aacharya Ramanuja — aatma ka svaabhaavik gyaan khilta hai. Teṣāṃ tat svābhāvikaṃ paraṃ jñānaṃ aparimitam asaṃkucitam ādityavat sarvaṃ yathāvasthitaṃ prakāśayati — unka apna svaabhaavik, aparimit, asankuchit param gyaan sooraj ki tarah sab kuchh jaisa hai waisa dikhata hai. Do aur baatein:
- Teṣām iti … bahutvābhidhānād ātma-svarūpa-bahutvam — "teṣām" (unka) bahuvachan hai, isliye aatmaayein anek hain — jaise 2.12 mein kaha gaya; na ca idaṃ bahutvam upādhi-kṛtam — aur yeh bahutva upaadhi (shareer) ke kaaran nahin, kyonki mukt aatmaon mein upaadhi hai hi nahin.
- Ādityadṛṣṭāntena ca jñātṛ-jñānayoḥ prabhā-prabhāvatoḥ iva avasthānam — sooraj aur uski prabha ki tarah gyaata (aatma) aur gyaan alag-alag par jude hain; isliye saṃsāra-daśāyāṃ jñānasya karmaṇā saṃkocaḥ mokṣa-daśāyāṃ vikāsaḥ — sansaar mein gyaan sikudta hai, moksh mein khilta hai.
Antar: Yahan Advaita aur Vishishtadvaita ka seedha takraav hai — Shankara ke liye gyaan = brahm-tattva ka bodh; Ramanuja ke liye gyaan aatma ka dharm, aur aatmaayein anek. Pustak dono ko barabar rakhti hai.