Bhagavad Gita · Karma Sannyasa YogaAdhyaay 5, Shloka 18 (5.18)

Soochi jaanboojh kar "chhor se chhor" tak hai. Ek or samaaj ki drishti mein sabse sammaanit — vidya aur vinay wala brahman; doosri or kutta aur śvapāka — jise uss samaaj ne sabse neeche rakha. Beech mein gaay aur haathi. Gita kehti hai: gyaani ki drishti mein yeh seedhi mit jaati hai.

Shankaracharya — sab mein ek, ashprisht brahm. Vidyā ātmano bodho vinayaḥ upaśamaḥ — vidya yaani aatma-bodh, vinay yaani shaanti. Phir Shankara gunon ke anusaar ek kram rakhte hain: uttama-saṃskāravati brāhmaṇe sāttvike, madhyamāyāṃ ca rājasyāṃ gavi, … atyantam eva kevala-tāmase hasty-ādau — saattvik brahman, raajasi gaay, taamasi haathi aadi — sattvādi-guṇaiḥ … atyantam eva aspṛṣṭaṃ samam ekam avikriyaṃ tat brahma draṣṭuṃ śīlaṃ yeṣāṃ te paṇḍitāḥ sama-darśinaḥ — in sab gunon aur sanskaaron se bilkul achhoote, sam, ek, avikaari brahm ko dekhna jinka svabhaav hai, ve pandit sam-darshi hain.

Shankara ek aapatti bhi uthate hain: smriti (samāsamābhyāṃ viṣama-same pūjātaḥ, Gautama Dharmasūtra 17.20) kehti hai ki pooja mein barabar aur aswaabhaavik ko ulta baraabar karna dosh hai — to kya sam-darshi abhojyānnāḥ (jinka ann na khaaya jaaye), doshi hain? Unka uttar (5.19): na te doṣavantaḥ — ve doshi nahin; woh niyam dehādi-saṅghātātma-darśanābhimānavad-viṣayam — sirf unke liye hai jo shareer ko aatma maante hain; brahma tu sarva-guṇa-doṣa-saṃbandha-varjitam — brahm sab gun-dosh ke sambandh se pare hai.

Aacharya Ramanuja — aatma sab mein gyaan-ek-aakaar. Atyanta-viṣamākāratayā pratīyamāneṣu ca ātmasu — atyant asamaan dikhne wali in aatmaaon mein; paṇḍitāḥ ātma-yāthātmya-vidaḥ jñānaikākāratayā sarvatra sama-darśinaḥ — aatma ka sach jaanne wale, sab jagah "gyaan-ek-aakaar" dekh kar sam-darshi hain; viṣamākāras tu prakṛteḥ na ātmanaḥ — asamaanta prakriti (shareer) ki hai, aatma ki nahin.

Antar: Shankara — ek hi brahm sab mein; Ramanuja — anek aatmaayein, par sab ek jaisi (gyaan-svaroop). Dono ka nishkarsh ek: bhed shareer ka hai, aatma ka nahin.