Bhagavad Gita · Dhyana Yoga (Atma-samyama Yoga)Adhyaay 6, Shloka 1 (6.1)
Mool Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
श्रीभगवानुवाच
अनाश्रितः कर्मफलं कार्यं कर्म करोति यः
स सन्न्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः
॥ 6.1 ॥
anāśritaḥ karmaphalaṃ kāryaṃ karma karoti yaḥ
sa sannyāsī ca yogī ca na niragnirna cākriyaḥ
Anuvaad
"Shri Bhagavan bole: jo karm-phal ka sahaara liye bina kartavya karm karta hai, wahi sannyasi hai aur wahi yogi — na ki sirf agni chhodne wala, ya sirf karm chhodne wala."
Bhaavaarth
"Niragni" aur "akriya". Vaidik sannyasi yagya-agni (agni) chhod deta tha — isliye niragni; aur sab kriyaaon ko — isliye akriya. Krishna kehte hain: sirf baahari tyaag se koi sannyasi ya yogi nahin hota.
Shankaracharya — "gauṇa" (gaun) arth mein. Anāśritaḥ karma-phalaṃ … karma-phala-tṛṣṇā-rahita ity arthaḥ — phal ki trishna se rahit. Woh kāryaṃ … nityaṃ kāmya-viparītam agnihotrādikaṃ karma — nitya, kaamna-rahit karm (agnihotra aadi) karta hai. Phir Shankara khud aapatti uthaate hain: shruti-smriti mein to niragni, akriya ko hi sannyasi kaha gaya hai! Uttar: kayācit guṇa-vṛttyā — kisi gun ke saadrishya se dono naam diye gaye: karma-phala-saṃkalpa-saṃnyāsāt saṃnyāsitvam — phal ke sankalp ke tyaag se "sannyasi"; citta-vikṣepa-hetoḥ parityāgāt yogitvam — chitt ko vikshipt karne wale sankalp ke tyaag se "yogi"; gauṇam ubhayam na punaḥ mukhyam — dono naam gaun hain, mukhya nahin. Yaani karm-yogi ki prashansa hai, par mukhya sannyaas gyaani ka sarva-karma-tyaag hi.
Aacharya Ramanuja — sachmuch dono nishtha. Kāryaṃ karmānuṣṭhānam eva … asmat-suhṛd-bhūta-parama-puruṣārādhana-rūpatayā — karm karna hi kartavya hai, kyonki woh hamaare suhrid Param Purush ki aaraadhana hai (5.29 se seedha jod); karmaiva mama prayojanaṃ na tat-sādhyaṃ kiñcit — "karm hi mera prayojan, usse milne wala kuchh nahin." Aisa vyakti sannyāsī ca jñāna-yoga-niṣṭhaś ca yogī ca karma-yoga-niṣṭhaś ca — gyaan-yog aur karm-yog dono mein sthit hai. Aur na niragnir na cākriyaḥ … kevala-jñāna-niṣṭhaḥ tasya hi jñāna-niṣṭhā eva — jo sirf gyaan-nishtha hai, uske paas ek hi nishtha; karm-yogi ke paas ubhayam — dono.
Antar: Shankara — "sannyasi" kehna karm-yogi ki stuti hai (gaun); Ramanuja — karm-yogi sachmuch gyaan aur karm dono ka dhaarak hai.