Bhagavad Gita · Raja Vidya Raja Guhya YogaAdhyaay 9, Shloka 32 (9.32)
Mool Sanskrit · श्रीभगवान्
मां हि पार्थ व्यपाश्रित्य येऽपि स्युः पापयोनयः
स्त्रियो वैश्यास्तथा शूद्रास्तेऽपि यान्ति परां गतिम्
॥ 9.32 ॥
māṃ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye'pi syuḥ pāpayonayaḥ
striyo vaiśyāstathā śūdrāste'pi yānti parāṃ gatim
Anuvaad
"He Paartha, jo bhi mera aashray lete hain — chahe ve 'paap-yoni' (jinhein samaaj neech janm ka maanta tha) hon, striyaan hon, vaishya hon ya shoodra — ve bhi param gati paate hain."
Pathak ke liye spasht tippani: Yeh shloka apne samay ki saamaajik bhasha mein bola gaya hai. Is pustak ki sthiti neeche saaf likhi hai: kisi bhi lingh, jaati ya janm ko "paap-yoni" maanna asweekaarya hai. Shloka ka mool sandesh — Bhagavan ke dwaar par koi bhi roka nahin jaata — isi sthiti ka samarthan karta hai.
Bhaavaarth
Is shloka ke pathan mein tikaakaar alag hain. Hum unhein imaandaari se, unke shabdon mein, de rahe hain — kyonki chhupaana bhi ek tarah ki beimaani hogi.
Shankaracharya "paapayonayaḥ" ko striyon, vaishyon aur shoodron ka visheshan padhte hain: pāpā yoniḥ yeṣāṃ te pāpayonayaḥ pāpajanmānaḥ; ke te iti? āha — striyaḥ vaiśyāḥ tathā śūdrāḥ; phir: te'pi yānti gacchanti parāṃ prakṛṣṭāṃ gatim — ve bhi sarvochch gati paate hain.
Aacharya Ramanuja bhi isi tarah: striyo vaiśyāḥ śūdrāḥ ca pāpayonayaḥ api māṃ vyapāśritya parāṃ gatiṃ yānti. (Dhyaan rahe, 9.29 par Ramanuja hi kehte hain ki Bhagavan kisi ko jaati, roop, svabhaav ya gyaan ke aadhaar par "nimn" maan kar thukraate nahin — dekhiye 9.29.)
Madhusoodan Saraswati "paapayoni" ko alag shreni maante hain — pāpayonayo'ntyajās tiryañco vā jātidoṣeṇa duṣṭāḥ — aur striyon-vaishyon-shoodron ko bhi apne samay ke shaastreey adhikaar ke drishtikon se "nikrisht" kehte hain (vedādhyayanādi-śūnyatayā nikṛṣṭāḥ). Unka nishkarsh: te'pi yānti parāṃ gatiṃ.
Shreedhar Swami bhi alag shreni: pāpayonayaḥ syuḥ nikṛṣṭajanmāno'ntyajādayo bhaveyuḥ; aur kehte hain bhakti duṣkulān apy anadhikāriṇo'pi saṃsārān mocayati.
Abhinavagupta "paapayoni" ko pashu-pakshi-sareesrip maante hain (pāpayonayaḥ paśupakṣisarīsṛpādayaḥ) aur un logon ki aalochna karte hain jo is vaakya ko keval dvijon ki prashansa maan kar striyon aadi ke moksha ko seemit karte hain — ve bhagavataḥ sarvānugrāhikāṃ śaktiṃ mitaviṣayatayā khaṇḍayantaḥ — Bhagavan ki sab par anugrah karne wali shakti ko chhota kar dete hain.
Anandgiri (Shankara-bhashya ke teekaakaar) ek vaakya mein saar dete hain: bhaktyadhikāre jātiniyamo nāsti — bhakti ke adhikaar mein jaati ka koi niyam nahin.