Bhagavad Gita · Arjuna Vishada YogaAdhyaay 1, Shloka 15 (1.15)
Mool Sanskrit · सञ्जयः
पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनञ्जयः
पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः
॥ 1.15 ॥
pāñcajanyaṃ hṛṣīkeśo devadattaṃ dhanañjayaḥ
pauṇḍraṃ dadhmau mahāśaṅkhaṃ bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ
Anuvaad
"Hrishikesha (Krishna) ne Panchajanya shankh bajaaya, Dhananjaya (Arjuna) ne Devadatta, aur bhayankar karm karne wale Vrikodara (Bhima) ne Paundra naam ka vishaal shankh bajaaya."
Bhaavaarth
Shankhon ke naam kyun? Madhusudana Sarasvati ek tez baat kehte hain: Pandav paksh ke shankh apne-apne naamon se prasiddh hain — Panchajanya, Devadatta, Paundra, Anantavijaya, Sughosha, Manipushpaka — "lekin aapki (Dhritarashtra ki) sena mein ek bhi shankh apne naam se prasiddh nahin." Sanjaya ka yeh vistaar Pandav paksh ki shreshthata dikhane ka ek tareeka hai. Yaad rakhein, Sanjaya Dhritarashtra ke apne saarathi hain — phir bhi sach batate hain.
Har naam ek sandesh — Madhusudana ke anusaar:
- Hṛṣīkeśa (Krishna): "indriyon ke swami" — Madhusudana: yeh naam batata hai ki sabke antaryaami Ishvara Pandavon ke sahaayak hain. Gita mein Krishna ke liye yeh naam kai baar aata hai — khaaskar jab baat man aur indriyon ki ho.
- Dhanañjaya (Arjuna): "dhan jeetne wala" — Madhusudana: Rajasuya ke samay digvijay mein Arjuna ne sab rajaon ko jeetkar dhan laaya, isliye yeh naam; arth — "yeh har tarah se ajeya hai."
- Bhīmakarmā Vṛkodara (Bhima): "bhayankar karm wale" — Madhusudana Hidimba-vadh jaise karmon ka udaharan dete hain. "Vrikodara" — bhediye jaise pet wale, yaani bahut bhojan pachaane wale aur atyant balshaali.
Shankhon ke naam: Pāñcajanya — Puraanon ki prasiddh katha ke anusaar Krishna ne Panchajana naam ke asur ko haraakar yeh shankh praapt kiya tha (yeh katha shloka ya tika mein nahin; isliye srot-note dekhein). Devadatta — naam ka shabdik arth "devon dwara diya hua". Pauṇḍra — Bhima ka vishaal shankh (mahāśaṅkha).
Krishna ka shankh — par shastra nahin. Mahabharata ke anusaar Krishna ne is yuddh mein shastra na uthaane ka vachan diya tha. Phir bhi woh shankh bajaate hain — yuddh ka bhaagidaar banne ka nahin, Arjuna ke saarathi aur saathi hone ka sanket.