Adhyaay 17श्रद्धात्रयविभागयोगःShraddhatraya Vibhaga Yoga
Adhyaay ka saaraansh
Prashn aur shraddha (17.1–17.6). Shaastra-vidhi bina, par shraddha se karne waalon ki nishtha (17.1); shraddha teen prakaar ki, svabhaav se (17.2); śraddhāmayo 'yaṃ puruṣaḥ — jaisi shraddha, waisa vyakti (17.3); pooja ke teen roop (17.4); dambh se ghor tap — shareer aur andar ke Bhagavan ko kasht (17.5–17.6).
Aahaar (17.7–17.10). Aayu-bal-aarogya badhaane wala, rasyukt — saattvik (17.8); ati-katu, ati-teekha, jalan wala — raajas (17.9); baasi, sadaa, jootha — taamas (17.10).
Yagya (17.11–17.13). "Karna hi chahiye" — saattvik; phal ya dikhaava — raajas; vidhi, ann-daan, shraddha bina — taamas.
Tap (17.14–17.19). Shareer — sammaan, shauch, saralta, brahmacharya, ahinsa (17.14); vaani — anudveg, satya, priya, hit, svaadhyaay (17.15); man — prasaad, saumyata, maun, sanyam, bhaav-shuddhi (17.16); shraddha se nishkaam — saattvik; satkaar ke liye — raajas, chanchal; khud ko peeda ya doosre ka vinaash — taamas (17.17–17.19).
Daan (17.20–17.22). "Dena chahiye", anupakaari ko, desh-kaal-paatra mein — saattvik; badle ya phal ke liye, kheej se — raajas; galat desh-kaal-paatra, bina satkaar, apmaan se — taamas.
Om Tat Sat (17.23–17.28). Brahm ka teen-bhaag naam (17.23); Om se aarambh (17.24); Tat — phal-tyaag (17.25); Sat — hona, achchhaai, shubh karm, nishtha (17.26–17.27); ashraddha se kiya sab asat (17.28).
28 shlok
- 17.1ये शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य यजन्ते श्रद्धयाऽन्विताःArjun ne kaha: "He Krishna, jo shaastra-vidhi chhod kar, par shraddha se yukt hokar pooja karte hain — unki nishtha kya…
- 17.2त्रिविधा भवति श्रद्धा देहिनां सा स्वभावजाShri Bhagavan ne kaha: "Dehdhaariyon ki svabhaav se utpann shraddha teen prakaar ki hoti hai — saattvik, raajas aur…
- 17.3सत्त्वानुरूपा सर्वस्य श्रद्धा भवति भारतHe Bhaarat, sab ki shraddha unke antahkaran ke anuroop hoti hai. Yeh purush shraddhaamay hai — jiski jaisi shraddha…
- 17.4यजन्ते सात्त्विका देवान् यक्षरक्षांसि राजसाःSaattvik log devtaaon ko poojte hain, raajas log yaksh-raakshason ko, aur anya taamas log preton aur bhoot-ganon ko…
- 17.5अशास्त्रविहितं घोरं तप्यन्ते ये तपो जनाःJo log shaastra-viruddh ghor tap karte hain — dambh aur ahankaar se yukt, kaam, raag aur bal ke abhimaan se —
- 17.6कर्शयन्तः शरीरस्थं भूतग्राममचेतसः— shareer ke bhoot-samooh ko krish karte hue, aur shareer ke bheetar sthit mujhe bhi, ve vivek-heen log — unhein aasuri…
- 17.7आहारस्त्वपि सर्वस्य त्रिविधो भवति प्रियःSab ka priya aahaar bhi teen prakaar ka hota hai; waise hi yagya, tap aur daan bhi. Unka yeh bhed suno.
- 17.8आयुःसत्त्वबलारोग्यसुखप्रीतिविवर्धनाःAayu, sattva, bal, aarogya, sukh aur preeti badhaane wale, rasyukt, snigdh, sthir aur hriday ko priya aahaar saattvik…
- 17.9कट्वम्ललवणात्युष्णतीक्ष्णरूक्षविदाहिनःAtyadhik kadve, khatte, namkeen, garam, teekhe, rookhe aur jalan dene wale aahaar raajas ko priya hain — jo dukh, shok…
- 17.10यातयामं गतरसं पूति पर्युषितं च यत्Der se pada, ras-heen, durgandh-yukt, baasi, jootha aur apavitra bhojan taamas ko priya hai.
- 17.11अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिर्यज्ञो विधिदृष्टो य इज्यतेJo yagya phal na chaahne waalon dwaara, vidhi ke anusaar, "yeh karna hi chahiye" — aisa man ko sthir karke kiya jaata…
- 17.12अभिसन्धाय तु फलं दम्भार्थमपि चैव यत्Par he Bharatashreshth, jo yagya phal par nazar rakh kar, ya dikhaave ke liye kiya jaata hai — use raajas yagya jaano.
- 17.13विधिहीनमसृष्टान्नं मन्त्रहीनमदक्षिणम्Vidhi-heen, ann-daan rahit, mantra-heen, dakshina-rahit aur shraddha-rahit yagya ko taamas kehte hain.
- 17.14देवद्विजगुरुप्राज्ञपूजनं शौचमार्जवम्Dev, dvij, guru aur gyaani ka poojan, shauch, saralta, brahmacharya aur ahinsa — yeh shaareerik tap kahlaata hai.
- 17.15अनुद्वेगकरं वाक्यं सत्यं प्रियहितं च यत्Jo vaakya udveg na kare, satya ho, priya aur hitkar ho — aur svaadhyaay ka abhyaas — yeh vaani ka tap kahlaata hai.
- 17.16मनः प्रसादः सौम्यत्वं मौनमात्मविनिग्रहःMan ki prasannata, saumyata, maun, aatma-sanyam aur bhaavon ki shuddhi — yeh maansik tap kahlaata hai.
- 17.17श्रद्धया परया तप्तं तपस्तत् त्रिविधं नरैःPhal na chaahne wale, yogyukt manushyon dwaara param shraddha se kiya gaya woh teen prakaar ka tap (shareer, vaani…
- 17.18सत्कारमानपूजार्थं तपो दम्भेन चैव यत्Jo tap satkaar, maan aur pooja ke liye, aur dambh se kiya jaata hai — use yahan raajas, chanchal aur adhruv kaha gaya…
- 17.19मूढग्राहेणाऽऽत्मनो यत् पीडया क्रियते तपःJo tap moodh aagrah se, apne ko peeda dekar, ya doosre ke vinaash ke liye kiya jaata hai — woh taamas kaha gaya hai.
- 17.20दातव्यमिति यद् दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणेDena chahiye" — is bhaav se, jo daan anupakaari ko, uchit desh, kaal aur paatra mein diya jaata hai — woh saattvik daan…
- 17.21यत् तु प्रत्युपकारार्थं फलमुद्दिश्य वा पुनःPar jo daan badle ke liye, ya phal ko lakshya karke, ya kasht se (man maar kar) diya jaata hai — woh raajas maana gaya…
- 17.22अदेशकाले यद् दानम् अपात्रेभ्यश्च दीयतेJo daan anuchit desh-kaal mein, apaatron ko, bina satkaar ke aur apmaan ke saath diya jaata hai — woh taamas kaha gaya…
- 17.23ॐ तत् सदिति निर्देशो ब्रह्मणस्त्रिविधः स्मृतःOm Tat Sat" — yeh brahm ka teen prakaar ka nirdesh (naam) maana gaya hai. Usi se aadi mein brahman, ved aur yagya rache…
- 17.24तस्मादोमित्युदाहृत्य यज्ञदानतपःक्रियाःIsliye brahmavaadiyon ki vidhaan mein kahi yagya, daan aur tap ki kriyaayein sada "Om" ka uchchaaran karke aarambh hoti…
- 17.25तदित्यनभिसन्धाय फलं यज्ञतपःक्रियाःTat" — aisa kehkar, phal ko lakshya na karke, moksh chaahne wale vividh yagya, tap aur daan ki kriyaayein karte hain.
- 17.26सद्भावे साधुभावे च सदित्येतत् प्रयुज्यतेHe Paarth, "Sat" shabd astitva aur saadhuta ke arth mein prayukt hota hai; waise hi prashast karm mein bhi "sat" shabd…
- 17.27यज्ञे तपसि दाने च स्थितिः सदिति चोच्यतेYagya, tap aur daan mein sthiti (nishtha) bhi "sat" kahi jaati hai; aur unke liye kiya gaya karm bhi "sat" hi kaha…
- 17.28अश्रद्धया हुतं दत्तं तपस्तप्तं कृतं च यत्He Paarth, ashraddha se jo havan kiya, daan diya, tap kiya aur jo bhi karm kiya — woh "asat" kaha jaata hai; woh na…